Predicting the onset of myopia in children by age, sex, and ethnicity: Results from the CLEERE Study.

Significance: Clinicians and researchers would benefit from being able to predict the onset of myopia for an individual child. This report provides a model for calculating the probability of myopia onset, year-by-year and cumulatively, based on results from the largest, most ethnically diverse study of myopia onset in the United States.

Purpose: This study aimed to model the probability of the onset of myopia in previously nonmyopic school-aged children.

Myopia Progression as a Function of Sex, Age, and Ethnicity.

Purpose: To model juvenile-onset myopia progression as a function of race/ethnicity, age, sex, parental history of myopia, and time spent reading or in outdoor/sports activity.

Methods: Subjects were 594 children in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Ethnicity and Refractive Error (CLEERE) Study with at least three study visits: one visit with a spherical equivalent (SPHEQ) less myopic/more hyperopic than -0.75 diopter (D), the first visit with a SPHEQ of -0.

Uncorrected Refractive Error and Distance Visual Acuity in Children Aged 6 to 14 Years.

Significance: This study presents the relationship between distance visual acuity and a range of uncorrected refractive errors, a complex association that is fundamental to clinical eye care and the identification of children needing refractive correction.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze data from the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Ethnicity and Refractive Error Study to describe the relationship between distance uncorrected refractive error and visual acuity in children.

Methods: Subjects were 2212 children (51.

Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children.

Background: Nearsightedness (myopia) causes blurry vision when one is looking at distant objects. Interventions to slow the progression of myopia in children include multifocal spectacles, contact lenses, and pharmaceutical agents.

Objectives: To assess the effects of interventions, including spectacles, contact lenses, and pharmaceutical agents in slowing myopia progression in children.

Spectacle Wear in Toddlers: Frequency of Wear and Impact of Treatment on the Child and Family.

Purpose: We assessed the frequency of spectacle wear and impact of spectacle treatment in toddlers.

Methods: Children 12 to <36 months old with significant refractive error were provided spectacles. After 12 (±6) weeks, parents reported the frequency of spectacle wear and completed the Amblyopia Treatment Index (ATI, modified for spectacle treatment).