Neuroprotective Actions of Cannabinoids in the Bovine Isolated Retina: Role of Hydrogen Sulfide.

Both hydrogen sulfide and endocannabinoids can protect the neural retina from toxic insults under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The aim of the present study was two-fold: (a) to examine the neuroprotective action of cannabinoids [methanandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG)] against hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative damage in the isolated bovine retina and (b) to evaluate the role of endogenously biosynthesized hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the inhibitory actions of cannabinoids on the oxidative stress in the bovine retina. Isolated neural retinas from cows were exposed to oxidative damage using HO (100 µM) for 10 min.

Genomic sequencing in diverse and underserved pediatric populations: parent perspectives on understanding, uncertainty, psychosocial impact, and personal utility of results.

Purpose: Limited evidence evaluates parents' perceptions of their child's clinical genomic sequencing (GS) results, particularly among individuals from medically underserved groups. Five Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CSER) consortium studies performed GS in children with suspected genetic conditions with high proportions of individuals from underserved groups to address this evidence gap.

Methods: Parents completed surveys of perceived understanding, personal utility, and test-related distress after GS result disclosure.

Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities in Down Syndrome: Assessing Structural and Functional Deficits.

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic intellectual disorder caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 (Hsa21) and presents with a variety of phenotypes. The correlation between the chromosomal abnormality and the resulting symptoms is unclear, partly due to the spectrum of impairments observed. However, it has been determined that trisomy 21 contributes to neurodegeneration and impaired neurodevelopment resulting from decreased neurotransmission, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.

Omnidirectional Wireless Power Transfer for Millimetric Magnetoelectric Biomedical Implants.

Miniature bioelectronic implants promise revolutionary therapies for cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a significant method for miniaturization, eliminating the need for bulky batteries in today's devices. Despite successful demonstrations of millimetric battery-free implants in animal models, the robustness and efficiency of WPT are known to degrade significantly under misalignment incurred by body movements, respiration, heart beating, and limited control of implant orientation during surgery.

A gut pathobiont regulates circulating glycine and host metabolism in a twin study comparing vegan and omnivorous diets.

Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity pose a significant global health burden. Plant-based diets, including vegan diets, are linked to favorable metabolic outcomes, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In a randomized trial involving 21 pairs of identical twins, we investigated the effects of vegan and omnivorous diets on the host metabolome, immune system, and gut microbiome.