Publications by authors named "J D Willey"
Men and women have different cardiovascular responses to spaceflight; however, few studies have focused on direct comparisons between sexes. We investigated the mechanisms of aortic stiffening in socially and sexually mature 20-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats exposed to hindlimb unloading (HLU) for 14 days. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was greater in the aortic arch of females after HLU versus control females (n = 6-8).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Rete middle cerebral artery (MCA) is a rare anomaly of the intracranial circulation that mimics congenital Moyamoya disease (MMD). Similar to MMD, it is reported almost exclusively in East-Asian ethnicities. Here, we report 13 patients with rete MCA anomaly from a predominantly non-Asian background in the USA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality that disproportionately affects rural residents and Veterans.
Objective: To evaluate the burden of AUD in admissions at rural and urban hospitals within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) comparing patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, and 1-, 3-, and 5-year mortality rates.
Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients admitted to VHA hospitals from 2016 to 2020, with a primary or secondary diagnosis related to AUD.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how microgravity and galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) influence behavioral performance and metabolic pathways in male Fischer rats, highlighting a gap in previous research regarding control conditions for hindlimb unloading (HU).
- Male rats were subjected to total body irradiation and HU conditions, with plasma and brain tissue analyzed after 6 months to assess long-term metabolic changes.
- Results showed significant interactions between radiation and HU, with various metabolic pathways affected in the plasma and brain, indicating complex interactions between stressors that could impact spaceflight crew health.
Article Synopsis
- Astronauts in deep space are at risk for eye problems due to microgravity, which negatively impacts ocular health.
- Researchers studied mice on the ISS, exposing them to microgravity and varying levels of artificial gravity to assess the effects on their optic nerves and retinas.
- Results showed that microgravity raises oxidative stress, inflammation, and other negative changes in eye tissue, but adding artificial gravity can reduce these harmful effects.