A 1-month ketogenic diet in patients with migraine gives a clinical beneficial effect associated with increased latency of somatosensory thalamo-cortical activity.

Objective: Since the habituation deficit of evoked potentials could be related to abnormal thalamocortical drive, we searched for a modulatory effect of ketogenic diet (KD) on somatosensory-evoked thalamo-cortical activity. KD is effective in preventing migraine. Previous studies showed that KD normalises habituation of somatosensory and visual cortical evoked responses in parallel with a decrease in of migraine attack frequency.

Oxygen as an abortive therapy in cluster headache: a narrative review and clinical practice aspects.

Cluster headache (International Classification of Headache Disorders third edition, ICHD-3 3.1) is a primary headache disorder affecting around 0.12% of individuals.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Quadripulse rTMS over the Visual Cortex: A Proof-of-Concept Study in Healthy Volunteers and Chronic Migraine Patients with Medication Overuse Headache.

In chronic migraine with medication overuse (CM-MOH), sensitization of visual cortices is reflected by (i) increased amplitude of stimulus-evoked responses and (ii) habituation deficit during repetitive stimulation. Both abnormalities might be mitigated by inhibitory transcranial neurostimulation. Here, we tested an inhibitory quadripulse repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS-QPI) protocol to decrease durably visual cortex excitability in healthy subjects (HS) and explored its therapeutic potential in CM-MOH patients.

Central sensitization mechanisms in chronic migraine with medication overuse headache: a study of thalamocortical activation and lateral cortical inhibition.

Background: It is unclear whether cortical hyperexcitability in chronic migraine with medication overuse headache (CM-MOH) is due to increased thalamocortical drive or aberrant cortical inhibitory mechanisms.

Methods: Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) were performed by electrical stimulation of the median nerve (M), ulnar nerve (U) and simultaneous stimulation of both nerves (MU) in 27 patients with CM-MOH and, for comparison, in 23 healthy volunteers (HVs) of a comparable age distribution. We calculated the degree of cortical lateral inhibition using the formula: 100 - [MU/(M + U) × 100] and the level of thalamocortical activation by analyzing the high frequency oscillations (HFOs) embedded in parietal N20 median SSEPs.