The Risk of Postoperative Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture After Total Hip Arthroplasty Depends More on Stem Design Than Cement Use: An Analysis of National Health Data from England.

Background: In this study, we estimated the risk of surgically treated postoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures (POPFFs) associated with femoral implants frequently used for total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: In this cohort study of patients who underwent primary THA in England between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2020, POPFFs were identified from prospectively collected revision records and national hospital records. POPFF incidence rates, adjusting for potential confounders, were estimated for common stems.

Pro-inflammatory effects of inhaled Great Salt Lake dust particles.

Background: Climate change and human activities have caused the drying of marine environments around the world. An example is the Great Salt Lake in Utah, USA which is at a near record low water level. Adverse health effects have been associated with exposure to windblown dust originating from dried lakebed sediments, but mechanistic studies evaluating the health effects of these dusts are limited.

Evidence for microbially-mediated tradeoffs between growth and defense throughout coral evolution.

Background: Evolutionary tradeoffs between life-history strategies are important in animal evolution. Because microbes can influence multiple aspects of host physiology, including growth rate and susceptibility to disease or stress, changes in animal-microbial symbioses have the potential to mediate life-history tradeoffs. Scleractinian corals provide a biodiverse, data-rich, and ecologically-relevant host system to explore this idea.

The determinants of handwashing in humanitarian crisis setting during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-country analysis.

The Wash'Em process was developed to improve the design of handwashing behaviour change programmes during outbreaks and humanitarian crises. It aims to rapidly create evidence-based, contextualized handwashing programmes. Wash'Em was widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Seagrass ecosystems reduce disease risk and economic loss in marine farming production.

Seaweed farming comprises over half of global coastal and marine aquaculture production by mass; however, the future of the industry is increasingly threatened by disease outbreaks. Nature-based solutions provided by enhancing functions of coinciding species or ecosystems offer an opportunity to increase yields by reducing disease outbreaks while conserving biodiversity. Seagrass ecosystems can reduce the abundance of marine bacterial pathogens, although it remains unknown whether this service can extend to reducing disease risk in a marine resource.