Electronic Structure Modulation Induced by the Synergy of Cobalt Low-Nuclearity Clusters and Mononuclear Sites for Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysis.

The development of high-performance bifunctional single-atom catalysts for use in applications, such as zinc-air batteries, is greatly impeded by mild oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER). Herein, we report a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst designed to overcome these limitations. The catalyst consists of well-dispersed low-nuclearity Co clusters and adjacent Co single atoms over a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (Co/NC).

Cellular Attachment Assays to Dissect Molecular Drivers of Epidermal Cell Function.

Cell attachment is the process by which cells interact with their environment, including neighboring cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Attachment plays a critical role in maintaining skin integrity, promoting wound healing, and facilitating cellular communication in epidermal cells, such as keratinocytes. However, the many different factors that can influence this mechanism make it challenging to recapitulate in cellular models.

Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha 2 (IL-13Rα2) induces chemokine expression and macrophage polarization to promote inflammation and fibrosis.

Purpose: Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a known mediator of radiation induced lung injury (RILI). IL-13Rα2 has an accepted role in antagonizing IL-13 signaling by acting as a decoy receptor. We sought to understand the role of IL-13Rα2 in the progression of RILI.

Multiple Central Nervous System Cryptococcomas Masquerading as Lymphoma.

Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. In over 90% of cases, it occurs at CD4 T lymphocyte (CD4) cell counts of less than 100 cells/mm. Cryptococcomas are rare granulomatous lesions that can occur in disseminated central nervous system cryptococcal infection, primarily in immunocompetent hosts.

HPV-Associated Head and Neck Second Primary Tumors-A Case Series.

Background: There is limited understanding of head and neck second primary tumors (SPTs) in HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Analogous to the concept of field cancerization of the upper airway known to contribute to the development of smoking-related head and neck SPTs, this case series reports four cases of HPV-associated SPTs.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of four patients diagnosed with HPV-associated oropharyngeal SCC who subsequently developed HPV-associated SPTs.