Ultrasound-enhanced Magnéli phase TiO anodic oxidation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) towards remediation of aqueous film forming foams (AFFF).

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) remediation is still a challenge. In this study, we propose a hybrid system that combines electrochemical treatment with ultrasound irradiation, aiming for an enhanced degradation of PFAS. Equipped with a titanium suboxide (TiO) anode, the electrochemical cell is able to remove perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) effectively.

Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI parameters and tumor cellularity in a rat model of cerebral glioma at 7 T.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that a noninvasive dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) derived interstitial volume fraction (ve ) and/or distribution volume (VD ) were correlated with tumor cellularity in cerebral tumor.

Methods: T1 -weighted DCE-MRI studies were performed in 18 athymic rats implanted with U251 xenografts. After DCE-MRI, sectioned brain tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for cell counting.

Brain edema and blood-brain barrier opening after photothrombotic ischemia in rat.

We have examined the time course of brain edema and the blood-brain barrier opening in rat after basal ganglia ischemia induced by photothrombotic occlusion of the small vessels within the caudate-putamen. Male SD rats were anesthetized, and Rose Bengal dye was intravenously injected. The left caudo-putamen was exposed to cold white light for 5-10 min via a stereotaxically implanted optic fiber.

MRI and quantitative autoradiographic studies following bolus injections of unlabeled and (14)C-labeled gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid in a rat model of stroke yield similar distribution volumes and blood-to-brain influx rate constants.

In previous studies on a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia, the blood and brain concentrations of gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) following intravenous bolus injection were repeatedly assessed by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, and blood-to-brain influx rate constants (K(i)) were calculated from Patlak plots of the data in areas with blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening. For concurrent validation of these findings, after completing the DCE-MRI study, radiolabeled sucrose or α-aminoisobutyric acid was injected intravenously, and the brain disposition and K(i) values were calculated by quantitative autoradiography (QAR) assay employing the single-time equation. To overcome two of the shortcomings of this comparison, the present experiments were carried out with a radiotracer virtually identical to Gd-DTPA, Gd-[(14)C]DTPA, and K(i) was calculated from both sets of data by the single-time equation.