Intermittent standing does not acutely improve postprandial metabolism in university students.

Height-adjustable workstations offer a practical strategy to reduce sedentary behaviour in student populations, but the effect of standing intervals on young adults' metabolic health remains uncertain. This study investigated the acute impact of breaking up sitting time with intermittent standing on postprandial metabolic responses in university students. Using a randomised, cross-over design, 23 participants (13 females, 10 males; age, 24 ± 5 years; BMI, 23.

β-alanine supplementation in adults with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Objective: Overweight and obesity are characterized by excess adiposity and systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is associated with several metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and tolerability of β-alanine supplementation and to explore the effects on cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal function in adults with overweight and obesity.

Methods: A total of 27 adults (44% female; mean [SD], age: 58 [10] years, BMI: 31.

The Regulatory Role of Pancreatic Enzymes in the Maintenance of Small Intestinal Structure and Enterocyte Turnover with Special Reference to Alpha Amylase.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of porcine pancreatic enzymes (Creon pancrelipase) in comparison to microbial-derived alpha amylase (MD amylase) on the small intestine wall structure, mucosal glycogen accumulation, and enterocyte turnover. The impact of enzyme supplementation on the small intestine was explored in 18 pigs with surgically induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). Four healthy pigs served as the control group.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Heterocycles via Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation: Norbornadiene as an Acetylene Equivalent.

General procedures for the rhodium-catalyzed annulation of aryl/heteroaryl -pivaloyl hydroxamic acids and norbornadiene have been developed. Employing norbornadiene as an acetylene equivalent enables utilization of diverse heterocyclic substrates for this transformation which fail to react or undergo competitive Lossen rearrangement under previously reported conditions. Microwave heating significantly reduces reaction times compared to conventional protocols and allows a one-step process to be realized.

Measuring trends in extinction risk: a review of two decades of development and application of the Red List Index.

The Red List Index (RLI) is an indicator of the average extinction risk of groups of species and reflects trends in this through time. It is calculated from the number of species in each category on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, with trends influenced by the number moving between categories when reassessed owing to genuine improvement or deterioration in status. The global RLI is aggregated across multiple taxonomic groups and can be disaggregated to show trends for subsets of species (e.