Publications by authors named "J D Chapman"

Introduction: Distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) and distal junctional failure (DJF) are known complications of adult multilevel spinal fusion surgery. Previous literature has extensively investigated proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF), but DJK and DJF are relatively under-studied. This study investigates the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and DJK/DJF via a Systematic Review (SR) and Meta-Analysis (MA).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Secondary prevention of acute ischemic stroke depends on identifying the source of cryptogenic clots. We previously reported that secreted thrombin activity from endovascularly retrieved clots is significantly different in atrial fibrillation (AF) versus atherosclerosis (AS) related, probably due to the in-vivo biology of the clots.

Objectives: To validate and optimize thrombin secretion for clot source diagnosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Study Design: Systematic Review Study.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of rhBMP-2 in spine surgeries.

Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) databases were systematically searched for studies reporting the use of rhBMP-2 for spinal procedures in comparison to autograft and/or allograft and alternative graft materials under consideration of cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, cost minimization, and/or cost-utility analysis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Melatonin has multiple proposed therapeutic benefits including antioxidant properties, circadian rhythm synchronisation and sleep promotion. Since these areas are also recognised risk factors for dementia, melatonin has been hypothesised to slow cognitive decline in older adults. Participants with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) were recruited from the community for a 12-week randomised placebo-controlled parallel, feasibility trial of 25 mg oral melatonin nightly.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Issue Addressed: People with severe mental illness (SMI) are at higher risk of preventable diseases than the general population; poor diet contributes to heightened risk. Adaptive approaches designed to improve intuitive eating may improve dietary behaviours in people with SMI. Aims of this study were to investigate predictors of, and assess the impact of a nutrition program on, intuitive eating in people with SMI.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF