Safety and toxicologic evaluation of Edible Pongamia Oil: A novel food ingredient.

Edible Pongamia Oil (EPO) was evaluated in an acute oral toxicity study, GLP 14-Day and 90-Day repeated dose isocaloric dietary toxicity studies in rats, and in vitro Bacterial Reverse Mutation, and in vivo Mammalian Bone Marrow Chromosome Aberration genotoxicity studies for potential use as a food ingredient. In a non-GLP acute study, an LD > 5000 mg/kg was determined. Subacute 14-day repeated dose dietary administration of 0, 5, 10 and 15% oil revealed no adverse changes in clinical pathology, liver histology, body weight or weight gain, food consumption or food efficiency.

Genetic and acute toxicological evaluation of an algal oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and palmitoleic acid.

Algal strains of Nannochloropsis sp. were developed, optimized, cultivated and harvested to produce a unique composition of algal oil ethyl esters (Algal-EE) that are naturally high in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 23-30%) and palmitoleic acid (20-25%), and contain no docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Algal-EE was evaluated for mutagenic activity (Ames bacterial reverse mutation, in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration, in vivo micronucleus test) and for acute oral toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on neurodevelopment in childhood: a review of human studies.

Omega-3 and omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are critical for infant and childhood brain development, but levels of the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are often low in the Western diet. Increasing evidence from both epidemiological and intervention studies, reviewed here, indicates that DHA supplementation, during pregnancy, lactation, or childhood plays an important role in childhood neurodevelopment. Arachidonic acid (ARA) is also important for infant growth and development.

Predicted national productivity implications of calorie and sodium reductions in the American diet.

Purpose: To model the potential long-term national productivity benefits from reduced daily intake of calories and sodium.

Design: Simulation based on secondary data analysis; quantitative research. Measures include absenteeism, presenteeism, disability, and premature mortality under various hypothetical dietary changes.

Potential health benefits and medical cost savings from calorie, sodium, and saturated fat reductions in the American diet.

Purpose: Model the potential national health benefits and medical savings from reduced daily intake of calories, sodium, and saturated fat among the U.S. adult population.