A systematic review of the neuroprotective role and biomarker potential of GDF15 in neurodegeneration.

Neurodegeneration is characteristically multifaceted, with limited therapeutic options. One of the chief pathophysiological mechanisms driving these conditions is neuroinflammation, prompting increasing clinical interest in immunomodulatory agents. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15; previously also called macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 or MIC-1), an anti-inflammatory cytokine with established neurotrophic properties, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent in recent decades.

Enhanced production of jet fuel precursors via furfural/cyclopentanone aldol condensation by synergistic pairing TiO with nano-ZSM-5 zeolite.

Aldol condensation of biomass-derived compounds offers a sustainable route to jet fuel precursors. This study explores catalysts based on nanocrystalline ZSM-5 zeolite (n-ZSM-5) modified with various metals (Ca, Mg, Sn, Ti, Zr) for the aldol condensation of furfural (FFL) and cyclopentanone (CPO). While both reactants can enter the ZSM-5 micropores, the resulting C10 (FC) and C15 (FC) adducts are too large to be formed within or to exit the microporosity, being instead produced over the external acid sites.

Dendritic ZSM-5 zeolites as highly active catalysts for the valorization of monoterpene epoxides.

Dendritic ZSM-5 zeolites were investigated in the isomerization of monoterpene epoxides, including limonene-1,2-epoxide (LE), α-pinene epoxide, and β-pinene epoxide, which yields high-value compounds used in fragrances, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. The fresh catalysts were thoroughly characterized using XRD, Ar physisorption, pyridine-FTIR, TEM, FTIR/DTBPyr, and Al MAS NMR. In comparison with conventional and hierarchical ZSM-5 materials, the dendritic zeolite with a crystallization time of 4 days (d-ZSM-5/4d) was the most active material, with a turnover frequency value of 4.

Potential biomarkers in breast cancer drug development: application of the biomarker qualification evidentiary framework.

Breast cancer treatments have evolved rapidly, and clinically meaningful biomarkers have been used to guide therapy. These biomarkers hold utility within the drug development process to increase the efficiency and effectiveness. To this purpose, the US FDA developed an evidentiary framework.

Impact of the COVID-19 related border restrictions on influenza and other common respiratory viral infections in New Zealand.

Background: New Zealand's (NZ) complete absence of community transmission of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) after May 2020, likely due to COVID-19 elimination measures, provided a rare opportunity to assess the impact of border restrictions on common respiratory viral infections over the ensuing 2 years.

Methods: We collected the data from multiple surveillance systems, including hospital-based severe acute respiratory infection surveillance, SHIVERS-II, -III and -IV community cohorts for acute respiratory infection (ARI) surveillance, HealthStat sentinel general practice (GP) based influenza-like illness surveillance and SHIVERS-V sentinel GP-based ARI surveillance, SHIVERS-V traveller ARI surveillance and laboratory-based surveillance. We described the data on influenza, RSV and other respiratory viral infections in NZ before, during and after various stages of the COVID related border restrictions.