Precarious hope: Ethical considerations for offering experimental fetal therapies outside of research after initial studies in humans.

Objective: Risks and benefits of experimental fetal therapies can remain uncertain after initial clinical studies, especially long-term effects. Nevertheless, pregnant individuals may request them, hoping to benefit their future child. Guidance about offering experimental fetal therapies outside research (as "innovative therapy") is limited, despite their ethical complexity.

Cytotoxicity of CD19-CAR-NK92 cells is primarily mediated via perforin/granzyme pathway.

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have improved cancer immunotherapy in recent years. Immune cells, such as Natural killer cells (NK-cells) or T cells, are used as effector cells in CAR-therapy. NK92-cells, a cell line with known cytotoxic activity, are of particular interest in CAR-therapy since culturing conditions are simple and anti-tumor efficacy combined with a manageable safety profile was proven in clinical trials.

Synthesis and pharmacokinetic properties of novel cPLAα inhibitors with 1-(carboxyalkylpyrrolyl)-3-aryloxypropan-2-one structure.

Indole-5-carboxylic acids with 3-aryloxy-2‑oxopropyl residues in position 1 have been shown to be potent inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase Aα (cPLAα), an enzyme involved in the formation of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators. Unfortunately, in animal experiments, only very low plasma concentrations could be achieved after peroral administration of this type of compound. Since insufficient metabolic stability was suspected as the cause, structural modifications were made to optimize this property.

From mice to men.

All-trans retinoic acid induces functional and structural plasticity of synapses in human cortical circuits through the engagement of the spine apparatus.