Feasibility of aerosol vaccination in humans.

The feasibility of using aerosol vaccines to achieve mass and rapid immunization, especially in developing countries and disaster areas, is being assessed on the basis of current available information. The aerosol mode of vaccine introduction, which best follows the natural route of many infections, may first lead to development of immunity at the portal of entry, and may also induce a more generalized defense. The recommended optimal way of introducing an aerosol vaccine is nasal breathing, which is more suitable for geriatric and pediatric populations, permits use of greater antigen volumes, and allows easier monitoring of results.

Impact of vertical dome division on nasal airflow.

Objective: Vertical dome division is an effective maneuver in nasal tip surgery. Its applications include reduction of the tip projection, increasing tip rotation, narrowing of the domal arch, and correction of lobule asymmetry. Nevertheless, some surgeons avoid this technique, fearing tip deformity and possibly impaired nasal airflow.

Nasal nitric oxide is not altered by topical anesthesia.

This prospective study was undertaken to determine whether topical nasal anesthetic agents affect nasal nitric oxide (NO) output in healthy adults. Seven volunteers (aged: 29-56 (40.6 +/- 10.

Aspiration flow optimized for nasal nitric oxide measurement.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate some of the factors which may influence the reliability of nasal NO measurements, and to optimize methods suitable for children and adults. Nasal nitric oxide (NO) output was determined by chemiluminescent analysis of aspirated samples in 16 adults and 6 children. With the velopharyngeal aperture closed, stable NO levels were obtained at flows ranging form 0.

Reproducibility of acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry in normal subjects.

The reproducibility of nasal patency measurements was assessed by acoustic rhinometry and active rhinomanometry using previously described Toronto methodologies. Six subjects with normal upper airways were tested with both procedures on six separate occasions within a 2-month period. Topical decongestant was applied to minimize the effects of mucosal variation on the nasal airway.