Disparities in Clinical Trial Participation in Children and Adolescent Patients With a Hematologic Malignancy.

Background: Low socioeconomic groups and racial/ethnic minorities continue to experience pediatric cancer outcome disparities, and remain underrepresented in clinical trials. It is vital to understand why underrepresentation exists and to address it in order to generalize trial findings to all groups. This study examined institutional disparities in clinical trial offerings and enrollment for children and adolescents with hematologic malignancies.

Precision Medicine in Myeloid Neoplasia: Challenges and Opportunities.

High-risk myeloid neoplasms encompass a group of hematologic malignancies known to cause significant cytopenias, which are accompanied by the risk of end-organ damage. They tend to have an aggressive clinical course and limit life expectancy in the absence of effective treatments. The adoption of precision medicine approaches has been limited by substantive diversity in somatic mutations, limited fraction of patients with targetable genetic lesions, and the prolonged turnaround times of pertinent genetic tests.

Exploring Exercise Addiction, Self-Esteem, and Early Maladaptive Schemas: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Female University Students.

Background/objectives: Although physical exercise provides numerous health benefits, it can occasionally become addictive, leading to negative consequences for physical and mental health. Specifically, the role of maladaptive schemas in the relationship between exercise addiction and self-esteem underscores the importance of addressing these cognitive patterns in therapeutic settings to develop practical interventions that enhance exercise with healthier self-perceptions. This study aims to analyze the role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between exercise addiction and self-esteem.

Prognostic value of liver fibrosis scores in ambulatory patients with heart failure.

Objectives: To investigate the association of four liver fibrosis scores - Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), AST/ALT ratio, AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and Gamma-glutamyl transferase-to-platelet ratio index (GPRI) - and clinical outcomes in ambulatory patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 2379 patients with HF referred to a specialized clinic from January 2010 to June 2022. We used multivariable Cox´s regression models to study the association between liver fibrosis scores and long-term clinical outcomes (all-cause death and the combined endpoints all-cause death or HF hospitalization and cardiovascular death or heart transplantation).

Evidence-Based Behavior Therapy for Tourette Syndrome.

This article provides an overview of evidence-based behavior therapy for Tourette syndrome (TS) in children, adolescents, and adults. First, this article describes evidence-based behavioral therapies for TS, examines their efficacy in randomized controlled trials, and identifies extant limitations. Second, based on the identified limitations, this article presents future directions for further research on behavioral therapies for TS.