Frequency of MRI Low Signal Intensity in the Buccal Fat of Fetuses and Speculation as to What It May Reflect.

Purpose: We aimed to characterize the fetal buccal fat pad (BFP) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the frequency and types of sequences on which the BFP demonstrates low signal intensity and determine any possible correlation with timing of the MRI during fetal development.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of all fetal MR studies was performed, and a pediatric radiologist blinded to the referring and final fetal diagnosis as well as outcome evaluated the included cases. A positive buccal fat pad sign (BFS) was recorded as present if a round, symmetric, and bilateral area was seen in the submalar region of the face with the following signal characteristics: T1 hyperintensity, low signal on echo planar imaging (EPI), low signal on true fast imaging with steady-state free precession (TRUFI), and with restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Quality and Diagnosis on the Lateral View of Pediatric Upper Gastro-Intestinal Series.

Background: The standard imaging technique for the diagnosis of intestinal malrotation remains the upper gastro-intestinal series (UGIS). The lateral view is promoted as important for making a diagnosis. For this, the lateral view should be of adequate quality, and radiologists must know the normal appearance as well as the appearance of duodenal variants, as misdiagnosis may lead to unnecessary surgery.

Comparison of single coronal thick-slab minimum intensity projection with flexible bronchoscopy for airway compression in children with lymphobronchial tuberculosis.

Aim: To generate standardised coronal minimum intensity projection (MinIP) computed tomography (CT) reconstructions, and compare these with flexible bronchoscopy in children with lymphobronchial tuberculosis (LBTB).

Materials And Methods: Standardised coronal MinIP reconstructions were performed from CT images in children with LBTB and the findings of three readers were compared with the reference standard, flexible bronchoscopy (FB), regarding airway narrowing. Intraluminal lesions, the site of the stenosis, and the degree of stenosis were also evaluated.

Patient rotation chest X-rays and the consequences of misinterpretation in paediatric radiology.

Purpose: We aimed to demonstrate the consequences of rotation on neonatal chest radiographs and how it affects diagnosis. In addition, we demonstrate methods for determining the presence and direction of rotation.

Background: Patient rotation is common in chest X-rays of neonates.