Monitoring hunted species of cultural significance: Estimates of trends, population sizes and harvesting rates of flying-fox (Pteropus sp.) in New Caledonia.

Assessing population trends and their underlying factors is critical to propose efficient conservation actions. This assessment can be particularly challenging when dealing with highly mobile, shy and nocturnal animals such as flying-foxes. Here we investigated the dynamics of hunted populations of Pteropus ornatus and P.

Synthesis of 7 alpha- and 7 beta-carboxymethyl-9(11)-ene derivatives of estrone and estradiol.

As part of a search for derivatives designed to conjugate to amino groups, either of a protein carrier for antibody production or of an immobilized side-chain on a polymer for affinity chromatography, functionalized estrone and estradiol analogues were prepared. These modified steroids were obtained via the introduction of a carboxymethyl side-chain at the C-7 alpha and C-7 beta position on an adrenosterone derivative and were then aromatized on the A ring. These new compounds are unsaturated at the C-9 (11) position, which could be useful for a second modification.