Benefits of an older persons' assessment and liaison team in acute admissions areas of a general hospital.

Objective: To analyze and describe the operational benefits that followed the introduction of a multiprofessional older person assessment and liaison service (OPAL) into the acute admissions areas of a general hospital. OPAL delivered comprehensive geriatric assessment and a range of early medical, nursing, therapy, and social interventions to all eligible elderly and frail patients.

Methods: A mix of numeric data, case note narrative, historic comparison, and staff opinion was used to reach a reliable view of the impact that OPAL had on a number of key indicators pertaining to the timing of assessments, treatments, and discharge planning.

Total energy expenditure in children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) acts as a check on growth and nutritional status. An increase in sleeping energy expenditure has been proposed as a possible mechanism, but to date, no studies have determined whether energy requirements (total energy expenditure; TEE) are raised in OSAS. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that OSAS is associated with increased TEE.

Risk factors for excess weight gain in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Objective: To test whether excess weight gain in patients treated for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was predictable using patient characteristics at diagnosis.

Design And Subjects: Longitudinal study of changes in body mass index (BMI) in all 98 patients treated in Scotland on treatment protocol MRC UKALL-XI who had reached at least 3y post-diagnosis in first remission.

Measurements: The influence of the following variables on changes in BMI, expressed as a standard deviation score (SDS), was tested using variable selection techniques and classification and regression trees: BMI SDS at diagnosis; age at diagnosis; gender; socioeconomic status; treatment.

Reproducibility of resting metabolic rate measurement in children.

The aim of the present study was to determine the reproducibility of measurement of resting metabolic rate (RMR) using a ventilated-hood indirect calorimeter in children using a short protocol suitable for the outpatient setting or home visit. The protocol consisted of an overnight (10-12 h) fast, 5-10 min supine rest, 5-10 min 'settling in' under the ventilated hood, and 12-16 min of measurement. Three measurements of RMR were made in eighteen healthy children (nine boys, nine girls, aged 6-11 years) on alternate days.

Childhood leukaemia: a model of pre-obesity.

The prevalence of obesity in children, as in adults, is increasing dramatically. The extent to which this is due to reduced energy expenditure, increased energy intake, or both, is unclear at present. This in part reflects the limitations of existing models of the pre-obese state.