Confronting risks of mirror life.

Broad discussion is needed to chart a path forward.

Exposure to Gulf war illness-related chemicals exacerbates alcohol-induced liver damage in rodents.

Gulf War Illness (GWI) describes a series of symptoms suffered by veterans of the Gulf war, consisting of cognitive, neurological and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Two chemicals associated with GWI are the insecticide permethrin (PER) and the nerve gas prophylactic pyridostigmine-bromide (PB). In this study we assessed the effects of PER and PB exposure on the pathology and subsequent alcohol (EtOH)-induced liver injury, and the influence of a macrophage depletor, PLX3397, on EtOH-induced liver damage in PER/PB-treated mice.

Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery in Patients with Bilateral Visually Significant Cataracts.

Purpose: To report our experience of performing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) in patients with visually significant cataracts and reduced preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA).

Methods: Data of patients who underwent ISBCS for visually significant cataracts and had preoperative CDVA ≤20/32 (≤0.2 logMAR) in each eye were retrospectively reviewed.

The African National Congress's factionalism and targeted killings as risks to human security in KwaZulu-Natal province.

Unlabelled: A prevalence of political violence and political assassinations characterised post-1994 South Africa. These politically motivated killings appeared to be dominant in the controversial KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province. Political killings in South Africa started as a form of inter-party warfare, especially during the transition to democracy, when the two rivals, the African National Congress (ANC) and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), fought each other for some areas of Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces.

Lion lords and sharing hyaenas: Carnivore guild dynamics around elephant carcasses.

Megaherbivore carcasses represent sporadic but energetically rewarding resources for carnivores, offering a unique opportunity to study coexistence dynamics between facultative scavengers. South African fenced protected areas, such as Madikwe Game Reserve (Madikwe hereafter), host viable populations of large carnivores and high densities of elephants, . However, high carnivore densities can lead to potentially fatal interspecific encounters and increased competition, particularly around high-quality trophic resources.