Developmental Mismatch Across Brain Modalities in Young Children.

Brain development during the preschool period is complex and extensive and underlies ongoing behavioral and cognitive maturation. Increasing understanding of typical brain maturation during this time is critical to early identification of atypical development and could inform treatments and interventions. Previous studies have suggested mismatches between brain structural and functional development in later childhood and adolescence.

Calculation of alpha particle single-event spectra using a neural network.

Introduction: A neural network was trained to accurately predict the entire single-event specific energy spectra for use in alpha-particle microdosimetry calculations.

Methods: The network consisted of 4 inputs and 21 outputs and was trained on data calculated using Monte Carlo simulation where input parameters originated both from previously published data as well as randomly generated parameters that fell within a target range. The 4 inputs consisted of the source-target configuration (consisting of both cells in suspension and in tissue-like geometries), alpha particle energy (3.

Geometric and dosimetric evaluation for breast and regional nodal auto-segmentation structures.

The accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) generated contours for intact-breast and post-mastectomy radiotherapy plans was evaluated. Geometric and dosimetric comparisons were performed between auto-contours (ACs) and manual-contours (MCs) produced by physicians for target structures. Breast and regional nodal structures were manually delineated on 66 breast cancer patients.

Evaluating outcomes and toxicities for a newly implemented MRI-based brachytherapy program for cervical cancer.

Objective: We report an updated analysis of the outcomes and toxicities of MRI-based brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer from a U.S. academic center.

Technical note: TIGRE-DE for the creation of virtual monoenergetic images from dual-energy cone-beam CT.

Background: Dual-energy (DE)-CBCT represents a promising imaging modality that can produce virtual monoenergetic (VM) CBCT images. VM images, which provide enhanced contrast and reduced imaging artifacts, can be used to assist in soft-tissue visualization during image-guided radiotherapy.

Purpose: This work reports the development of TIGRE-DE, a module in the open-source TIGRE toolkit for the performance of DE-CBCT and the production of VM CBCT images.