Publications by authors named "J C Rabinowitz"
Study Objectives: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic, relapse-prone condition, often accompanied by sleep disturbances such as insomnia. While sleep disturbances have been implicated in negative treatment outcomes, no large-scale studies have examined the relationship between insomnia disorder and outcomes for persons completing an acute OUD treatment episode. This study assessed the association between insomnia symptoms at treatment intake, during treatment, and following acute treatment with post-treatment episode return to use, and non-fatal overdose outcomes.
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- Despite extensive research, much of the mammalian metabolome is still unexplored, with mass spectrometry detecting many small molecules but revealing few identified metabolites.
- A novel approach using DeepMet, a chemical language model, has been developed to uncover previously unknown metabolites by learning the biosynthetic logic of known compounds.
- By combining DeepMet with tandem mass spectrometry, the research enables automated discovery of a wide range of metabolites, demonstrating the potential of language models to enhance our understanding of the metabolome.
Though somatic mutations play a critical role in driving cancer initiation and progression, the systems-level functional impacts of these mutations-particularly, how they alter expression across the genome and give rise to cancer hallmarks-are not yet well-understood, even for well-studied cancer driver genes. To address this, we designed an integrative machine learning model, Dyscovr, that leverages mutation, gene expression, copy number alteration (CNA), methylation, and clinical data to uncover putative relationships between nonsynonymous mutations in key cancer driver genes and transcriptional changes across the genome. We applied Dyscovr pan-cancer and within 19 individual cancer types, finding both broadly relevant and cancer type-specific links between driver genes and putative targets, including a subset we further identify as exhibiting negative genetic relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Despite adverse health consequences associated with early substance use initiation, less is known about the influence of genetic risk on initiation and environmental characteristics that may moderate these associations, particularly among African Americans. We examined whether genetic risk for alcohol and cannabis use disorder, and nicotine dependence, is associated with age of initiation of these substances, and whether community disadvantage and parental monitoring moderate these associations in a sample of African American youth.
Method: Participants (n=1,017; 56% female) were initially recruited for an elementary school-based universal prevention intervention trial.
Article Synopsis
- Subcortical brain structures play a crucial role in various developmental and psychiatric disorders, and a study analyzed brain volumes in 74,898 individuals, identifying 254 genetic loci linked to these volumes, which accounted for up to 35% of variation.
- The research included exploring gene expression in specific neural cell types, focusing on genes involved in intracellular signaling and processes related to brain aging.
- The findings suggest that certain genetic variants not only influence brain volume but also have potential causal links to conditions like Parkinson’s disease and ADHD, highlighting the genetic basis for risks associated with neuropsychiatric disorders.