Common Fibular Nerve Palsy in a Cyclist after Bariatric Surgery - Case Report.

Common fibular nerve (CFN) palsy is the most common mononeuropathy in the lower limb, and several etiologies are described. The CFN is the minor and lateral division of the sciatic nerve; it originates in the lumbar sacral division, and many risks of compression have been described: the behavior of crossing and squatting legs, extra and intraneural compressions, local trauma, and weight loss have been increasingly reported as important and noteworthy causes. The treatment is based on the severity of the nerve condition.

Mechanism of phage sensing and restriction by toxin-antitoxin-chaperone systems.

Toxin-antitoxins (TAs) are prokaryotic two-gene systems composed of a toxin neutralized by an antitoxin. Toxin-antitoxin-chaperone (TAC) systems additionally include a SecB-like chaperone that stabilizes the antitoxin by recognizing its chaperone addiction (ChAD) element. TACs mediate antiphage defense, but the mechanisms of viral sensing and restriction are unexplored.

A role for the S4-domain containing protein YlmH in ribosome-associated quality control in Bacillus subtilis.

Ribosomes trapped on mRNAs during protein synthesis need to be rescued for the cell to survive. The most ubiquitous bacterial ribosome rescue pathway is trans-translation mediated by tmRNA and SmpB. Genetic inactivation of trans-translation can be lethal, unless ribosomes are rescued by ArfA or ArfB alternative rescue factors or the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) system, which in Bacillus subtilis involves MutS2, RqcH, RqcP and Pth.

Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase is the nascent chain release factor in bacterial ribosome-associated quality control.

Rescuing stalled ribosomes often involves their splitting into subunits. In many bacteria, the resultant large subunits bearing peptidyl-tRNAs are processed by the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) apparatus that extends the C termini of the incomplete nascent polypeptides with polyalanine tails to facilitate their degradation. Although the tailing mechanism is well established, it is unclear how the nascent polypeptides are cleaved off the tRNAs.