Auxin-dependent post-translational regulation of MONOPTEROS in the Arabidopsis root.

Auxin plays a pivotal role in plant development by activating AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs). Under low auxin levels, ARF activity is inhibited by interacting with Aux/IAAs. Aux/IAAs are degraded when the cellular auxin concentration increases, causing the release of ARF inhibition.

MatK impacts differential chloroplast translation by limiting spliced tRNA-K(UUU) abundance.

The protein levels of chloroplast photosynthetic genes and genes related to the chloroplast genetic apparatus vary to adapt to different conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms governing these variations remain unclear. The chloroplast intron Maturase K is encoded within the trnK intron and has been suggested to be required for splicing several group IIA introns, including the trnK intron.

Natural genetic variation in GLK1-mediated photosynthetic acclimation in response to light.

Background: GOLDEN-like (GLK) transcription factors are central regulators of chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis and other species. Findings from Arabidopsis show that these factors also contribute to photosynthetic acclimation, e.g.

Arabidopsis BBX14 is involved in high light acclimation and seedling development.

The development of photosynthetically competent seedlings requires both light and retrograde biogenic signaling pathways. The transcription factor GLK1 functions at the interface between these pathways and receives input from the biogenic signal integrator GUN1. BBX14 was previously identified, together with GLK1, in a core module that mediates the response to high light (HL) levels and biogenic signals, which was studied by using inhibitors of chloroplast development.

Estimating DNA-Binding Specificities of Transcription Factors Using SELEX-Seq.

Here we provide an updated protocol for the Systematic Evolution of Ligands followed by massively parallel sequencing (SELEX-seq) method to study protein-DNA interaction specificities. This in vitro method is used to characterize DNA-binding specificities of transcription factors (TFs). The procedure is based on cycles of immunoprecipitation of protein-DNA complexes, starting with a randomized DNA library of defined fragment length, followed by massively parallel sequencing.