Going Virtual: Objective Structured Teaching Exercises as an Innovative Method for Formative Resident Education.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic forced residency programs to adapt teaching to the virtual arena. Objective Structured Teaching Exercises (OSTEs) are a simulation-based session we previously implemented in our in-person pediatric curriculum. We aimed to assess feasibility of and resident satisfaction with the transition to virtual learning for simulation-based OSTEs.

Socioeconomics of Obesity.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to evaluate and emphasize important findings in the recent literature regarding the socioeconomics of obesity. It is important to evaluate trends of this global epidemic and elucidate its impact on different demographic groups and across socioeconomic strata.

Recent Findings: Obesity rates continue to increase domestically and globally which is associated with a concomitant rise in medical and economic costs.

ERBB3 and NGFR mark a distinct skeletal muscle progenitor cell in human development and hPSCs.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be directed to differentiate into skeletal muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs). However, the myogenicity of hPSC-SMPCs relative to human fetal or adult satellite cells remains unclear. We observed that hPSC-SMPCs derived by directed differentiation are less functional in vitro and in vivo compared to human satellite cells.

Development of systemic immunity to glioblastoma multiforme using tumor cells genetically engineered to express the membrane-associated isoform of macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

We investigated the ability of Fischer rat T9 glioblastoma cells transduced with cDNA genes for the secreted (s) or membrane-associated (m) isoform of M-CSF to elicit an antitumor response when implanted into syngeneic animals. Intracranial (i.c.

Expression of surface antigens during the differentiation of human dendritic cells vs macrophages from blood monocytes in vitro.

High expression of MHC antigens and adhesion/costimulation molecules is considered as one of the major characteristics qualifying macrophages (M) and dendritic cells (DC) as professional antigen presenting cells. Since accessory activity of M is known to be weaker than that of DC but both M or DC can differentiate from blood monocytes (MO) depending on culture conditions (i.e.