American Orthopaedic Surgeons in World War I.

On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war on Germany and entered what was then called the Great War. Among the first officers sent to Europe were 21 orthopaedic surgeons in the so-called First Goldthwait Unit. Prior to the war, orthopaedics had been a nonoperative "strap-and-buckle" specialty that dealt primarily with infections, congenital abnormalities, and posttraumatic deformity.

Neurologic and vascular injuries associated with knee ligament injuries.

Background: Multiple ligament knee injuries are commonly associated with neurovascular complications such as popliteal artery, common peroneal nerve, and tibial nerve injuries.

Hypothesis: While the importance of identifying these complications in association with bicruciate and triligamentous injuries has been well established, it is important to recognize that any biligamentous and some single ligament knee injuries present with neurological and vascular complications as well.

Study Design: Literature review.

Tibial tunnel widening after hamstring tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the effect of supplemental aperture fixation with autogenous bone cores.

Background: Tibial tunnel widening is a common phenomenon seen with hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Concern exists that increased tunnel widening can lead to delayed graft incorporation, graft laxity, or difficulties in revision surgery.

Hypothesis: Supplemental aperture fixation with autogenous bone cores or bioabsorbable interference screws will decrease tibial tunnel widening in hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Surgical management of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in patients with open physes.

Because of the increasing number of skeletally immature athletes who compete in highly demanding sports, more children than previously are sustaining anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Treatment and patient compliance with treatment recommendations are problematic. Pediatric issues include those specific to evaluation, projected growth, and surgery.