Automated detection of vertebral body misalignments in orthogonal kV and MV guided radiotherapy: application to a comprehensive retrospective dataset.

. In image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), off-by-one vertebral body misalignments are rare but potentially catastrophic. In this study, a novel detection method for such misalignments in IGRT was investigated using densely-connected convolutional networks (DenseNets) for applications towards real-time error prevention and retrospective error auditing.

Development and interinstitutional validation of an automatic vertebral-body misalignment error detector for cone-beam CT-guided radiotherapy.

Background: In cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided radiotherapy, off-by-one vertebral-body misalignments are rare but serious errors that lead to wrong-site treatments.

Purpose: An automatic error detection algorithm was developed that uses a three-branch convolutional neural network error detection model (EDM) to detect off-by-one vertebral-body misalignments using planning computed tomography (CT) images and setup CBCT images.

Methods: Algorithm training and test data consisted of planning CTs and CBCTs from 480 patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment in the thoracic and abdominal regions at two radiotherapy clinics.

Dosimetric evaluation of respiratory gating on a 0.35-T magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy linac.

Purpose: The commercial 0.35-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided radiotherapy vendor ViewRay recently introduced upgraded real-time imaging frame rates based on compressed sensing techniques. Furthermore, additional motion tracking algorithms were made available.

Offline generator for digitally reconstructed radiographs of a commercial stereoscopic radiotherapy image-guidance system.

Purpose: Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) research sometimes involves simulated changes to patient positioning using retrospectively collected clinical data. For example, researchers may simulate patient misalignments to develop error detection algorithms or positioning optimization algorithms. The Brainlab ExacTrac system can be used to retrospectively "replay" simulated alignment scenarios but does not allow export of digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) with simulated positioning variations for further analysis.