Longitudinal Changes in Circulating Ketone Body Levels in Patients With Acute Heart Failure: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-Response-AHF Trial.

Background: Ketone bodies are endogenous fuels produced by the liver under conditions of metabolic or neurohormonal stress. Circulating ketone bodies are increased in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), yet little is known about the effect of acute HF on ketosis. We tested the hypothesis that ketogenesis is increased in patients with acute decompensated HF.

Regional differences in precipitating factors of hospitalization for acute heart failure: insights from the REPORT-HF registry.

Aims: Few prior studies have investigated differences in precipitants leading to hospitalizations for acute heart failure (AHF) in a cohort with global representation.

Methods And Results: We analysed the prevalence of precipitants and their association with outcomes in 18 553 patients hospitalized for AHF in REPORT-HF (prospective international REgistry to assess medical Practice with lOngitudinal obseRvation for Treatment of Heart Failure) according to left ventricular ejection fraction subtype (reduced [HFrEF] and preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF]) and presentation (new-onset vs. decompensated chronic heart failure [DCHF]).