Engineering a high-throughput clone for industrial-scale production of long-acting GLP-1 analogue with retained bio-efficacy.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are critical global health issues with rising incidence rates. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues have emerged as effective treatments due to their ability to regulate blood glucose levels and gastric emptying through central nervous signals involving hypothalamic receptors, such as leptin. To address the short plasma half-life of native GLP-1, a C-16 fatty acid was conjugated to lysine in the GLP-1 analogue sequence to enhance its longevity.

The history of ankylosing spondylitis/axial spondyloarthritis - what is the driving force of new knowledge?

The history of (axial) spondyloarthritis has started several centuries ago. Since the end of the 19th century major achievements have been made. This historical review tries to show how closely the advances in clinical medicine in rheumatology have been related to advances made in basic sciences.

What happens when you turn weed management off? A long-term appraisal of the effectiveness of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) kuhn control treatments and the role of sheep grazing.

Long-term strategies are needed for the ecological restoration of land invaded by perennial weed species comprising of two parts: (1) control of the invasive species and (2) restoration of native vegetation meeting agricultural/conservation objectives. We investigated this within a statistically-rigorous, 28-year experiment at a site where Pteridium aquilinum had invaded an acid-grass/heathland. Where P.

Bifunctional NiCo-CuO Nanostructures: A Promising Catalyst for Energy Conversion and Storage.

This investigation explores the potential of co-incorporating nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) into copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures for bifunctional electrochemical charge storage and oxygen evolution reactions (OER). A facile wet chemical synthesis method is employed to co-incorporate Ni and Co into CuO, yielding diverse nanostructured morphologies, including rods, spheres, and flake. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analyses confirmed the formation of NiCo-CuO nanostructure, with minor phases of nickel oxide (NiO) and cobalt tetraoxide (CoO).