Standardized medical age assessment of refugees with questionable minority claim-a summary of 591 case studies.

In order to establish identity of asylum seekers, part of which is age clarification, administrative authorities are obliged to investigate the credibility of allegations based on the usual means of evidence to determine the applicable legal background. In case of serious doubts concerning age minority declaration, medical expert opinion builds the key proof bound by a complex framework consisting of EU regulations, domestic legal backgrounds and the scientific 'state of the art,' the latter being largely influenced by the pursuit of the German 'Study Group on Forensic Age Diagnostics.' Our application example demonstrates the exceptional value of its guidelines serving evidence-based understanding of the age issue in borderline adults within the asylum context.

[Is connective tissue reattachment on root surfaces exposed to the oral environment possible?].

In advanced periodontal diseases, where the root surface a longer time is exposed to the oral environment, retaining of teeth is only possible through de novo-attachment of the periodontal ligament on the diseased root surface. Even when surgical reconstruction of the alveolar bone is successful, connective tissue fibers fail to attach to the affected dental cementum. Patients with two- and three wall pockets can be successfully treated by Nymans method of guided tissue regeneration.