Identification of nurse shark V single-domain antibodies targeting the spike S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Antibody-based therapeutics targeting the spike protein, specifically the S1 subunit or the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, have gained attention due to their clinical efficacy in treating patients diagnosed with COVID-19. An alternative to conventional antibody therapeutics is the use of shark new antigen variable receptor domain (V ) antibodies.

Site-Specifically Conjugated Single-Domain Antibody Successfully Identifies Glypican-3-Expressing Liver Cancer by Immuno-PET.

Primary liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and its incidence and mortality are increasing worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 80% of primary liver cancer cases. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that histopathologically defines HCC and represents an attractive tumor-selective marker for radiopharmaceutical imaging and therapy for this disease.

Impact of flow regulation on stream morphology and habitat quality distribution.

The importance of interactions among stream hydrology, morphology, and biology is well recognized in studies of stream ecosystems. However, when quantifying the impacts of altered flow on aquatic habitat, results are often based either on combined changes in topography and flow, or with altered flow over static topography. Here, we study the potential beneficial effects of restoring unregulated flows on salmonid habitat and separate the relative influences of changes in flow vs.

Production and Purification of Shark and Camel Single-Domain Antibodies from Bacterial and Mammalian Cell Expression Systems.

Single-domain antibodies, including the antigen-binding variable domains of the shark immunoglobulin new antigen receptor and the camelid variable region of the heavy chain, are the smallest antigen recognition domains (∼15 kDa) and have unique characteristics compared to conventional antibodies. They are capable of binding epitopes that are hard to access for classical antibodies and can also be used for therapeutics or diagnostics or as modular building blocks for multi-domain constructs, antibody-drug conjugates, immunotoxins, or chimeric antigen receptor therapy. This article contains detailed procedures for the purification and validation of two single-domain antibodies (one shark and one camel), which bind to the S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, using both bacterial and mammalian cell expression systems.

Effects of oxytocin administration on fear-potentiated acoustic startle in co-occurring PTSD and alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.

Co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and particularly associated with elevation of hyperarousal compared to PTSD alone. Treatment options are limited. Oxytocin regulates physiological stress response.