Higher Neighborhood Drivability Is Associated With a Higher Diabetes Risk in Younger Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Toronto, Canada.

Objective: Car dependency contributes to physical inactivity and, consequently, may increase the likelihood of diabetes. We investigated whether neighborhoods that are highly conducive to driving confer a greater risk of developing diabetes and, if so, whether this differs by age.

Research Design And Methods: We used administrative health care data to identify all working-age Canadian adults (20-64 years) who were living in Toronto on 1 April 2011 without diabetes (type 1 or 2).

Intervention Fidelity of Telephone Motivational Interviewing On Physical Activity, Fruit Intake, and Vegetable Consumption in Dutch Outpatients With and Without Hypertension.

Background: In theory, Motivational Interviewing (MI) fidelity should be associated with client outcomes. Nevertheless, this fidelity-effectiveness association is rarely investigated. This study evaluated the extent to which Telephone Motivational Interviewing (TMI) fidelity is associated with change in self-reported physical activity (PA), fruit intake, and vegetable consumption.

Development of a neighborhood drivability index and its association with transportation behavior in Toronto.

Background: Car driving is a form of passive transport that is associated with an increase in physical inactivity, obesity, air pollution and noise. Built environment characteristics may influence transport mode choice, but comprehensive indices for built environment characteristics that drive car use are still lacking, while such an index could provide tangible policy entry points.

Objective: We developed and validated a neighbourhood drivability index, capturing combined dimensions of the neighbourhood environment in the City of Toronto, and investigated its association with transportation choices (car, public transit or active transport), overall, by trip length, and combined for residential neighbourhood and workplace drivability.

Neighborhood walkability, physical activity and changes in glycemic markers in people with type 2 diabetes: The Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort.

Studies investigating neighborhood walkability and physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) mainly used self-report measures, and only few studies assessed the association with glycemic control. This study assessed the associations between objectively measured (i.e.