Pectic-AGP is a major form of Arabidopsis AGPs.

As a key component in cell walls of numerous organisms ranging from green algae to higher plants, AGPs play principal roles in many biological processes such as cell-cell adhesion and regulating Ca signaling pathway as a Ca-capacitor. Consistently, AGP structures vary from species to species and from tissue to tissue. To understand the functions of AGPs, it is vital to know their structural differences relative to their location in the plant.

Acetylation in Ionic Liquids Dramatically Increases Yield in the Glycosyl Composition and Linkage Analysis of Insoluble and Acidic Polysaccharides.

Glycosyl composition and linkage analyses are important first steps toward understanding the structural diversity and biological importance of polysaccharides. Failure to fully solubilize samples prior to analysis results in the generation of incomplete and poor-quality composition and linkage data by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Acidic polysaccharides also do not give accurate linkage results, because they are poorly soluble in DMSO and tend to undergo β-elimination during permethylation.

FUT4 and FUT6 Are Arabinofuranose-Specific Fucosyltransferases.

The bulk of plant biomass is comprised of plant cell walls, which are complex polymeric networks, composed of diverse polysaccharides, proteins, polyphenolics, and hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs). Glycosyltransferases (GTs) work together to synthesize the saccharide components of the plant cell wall. The fucosyltransferases (FUTs), FUT4, and FUT6, are members of the plant-specific GT family 37 (GT37).

Analytical Techniques for Determining the Role of Domain of Unknown Function 579 Proteins in the Synthesis of -Methylated Plant Polysaccharides.

Matrix polysaccharides are a diverse group of structurally complex carbohydrates and account for a large portion of the biomass consumed as food or used to produce fuels and materials. Glucuronoxylan and arabinogalactan protein are matrix glycans that have sidechains decorated with 4--methyl glucuronosyl residues. Methylation is a key determinant of the physical properties of these wall glycopolymers and consequently affects both their biological function and ability to interact with other wall polymers.

Downregulation of a UDP-Arabinomutase Gene in Switchgrass ( L.) Results in Increased Cell Wall Lignin While Reducing Arabinose-Glycans.

Switchgrass ( L.) is a C perennial prairie grass and a dedicated feedstock for lignocellulosic biofuels. Saccharification and biofuel yields are inhibited by the plant cell wall's natural recalcitrance against enzymatic degradation.