Primary inferior vena cava synovial sarcoma treated with caval replacement during cardiopulmonary bypass and liver perfusion.

Primary inferior vena cava (IVC) tumors are rare. Most are leiomyosarcomas. The prognosis is poor with those involving and superior to the hepatic veins faring worse than those isolated within the retrohepatic cava.

Navigating challenges in recipient selection for end-chain kidneys.

As a result of the increasing number of transplants being facilitated by kidney paired donation and newer initiatives such as voucher donation, end-chain (EC) kidneys now constitute a considerable proportion of kidney paired donation transplants in the United States. Data on EC kidneys are limited. They may be lower in quality compared with non-EC living donor kidneys.