Pan-Cancer Molecular Biomarkers: Practical Considerations for the Surgical Pathologist.

Traditional anatomic pathologic classification of cancer is based on tissue of origin and morphologic and immunohistochemical characterization of the malignant cells. With the technological improvements of massively parallel or next-generation sequencing (NGS), oncogenic drivers that are shared across different tumor types are increasingly being identified and used as pan-cancer biomarkers. This approach is reflected in the growing list of FDA-approved tumor-agnostic therapies including pembrolizumab in the setting of microsatellite instability and high tumor mutational burden, larotrectinib and entrectinib for solid tumors with NTRK fusions, and combined dabrafenib-trametinib for BRAF V600E-mutated neoplasms.

Evaluation and Remediation Strategies for Struggling Residents Within Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Residency Programs.

Purpose/objectives: Several studies have evaluated resident and trainee remediation strategies across various surgical subspecialties. However, limited research exists on this topic within the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) literature. The purpose of this study was to identify cross-sectional patterns of evaluation and remediation strategies for underperforming OMS residents in the United States.

Validation of Immune-Related Adverse Event (irAE) Case Definitions in a Real-World Lung Cancer Population.

Background: The use of real-world data is increasing to examine immune-related adverse event (irAE) incidence and risk factors in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) users. We aimed to validate five case definition algorithms for irAE in a Johns Hopkins lung cancer registry.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked electronic health record (EHR) and cancer registry data from a large academic healthcare system.