The GIBACHT fellowship: a multilateral initiative for strengthening capacity in biosafety and biosecurity towards pandemic preparedness.

The German Biosecurity Programme was launched in 2013 with the aim to support partner countries overcome biological threats including natural outbreaks or the intentional misuse of highly pathogenic agents. As part of this programme, this paper describes the development and implementation of a multilateral biosafety and biosecurity training initiative, called 'Global Partnership Initiated Biosecurity Academia for Controlling Health Threats' (GIBACHT). To achieve its objectives, GIBACHT implemented a blended-learning approach with self-directed, distance-based learning phases and three training-of-trainer workshops.

Acetylcholinesterase activity in muscle tissue of Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus: Importance of body size, season, sex and naturally occurring metals.

The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the tail muscle tissue of wild populations of Nephrops norvegicus from the Northern Adriatic, and correlate it to body size, seasons, sex and the content of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead and copper. The animals of both sexes were collected in spring and autumn from two relatively distant fishing grounds. A marked variability of muscle AChE activity was found (0.

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the European Health Literacy Instrument (P-HLS-EU-Q47).

Health literacy is one of the most critical determinants of health for effectively improving health services and reducing health inequalities. The importance of accurate measurement cannot be overstated. The European 47-item Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47) can provide precise measurements of health literacy.

Measuring Comprehensive, General Health Literacy in the General Adult Population: The Development and Validation of the HLS-Q12 Instrument in Seventeen Countries.

Background: For improving health literacy (HL) by national and international public health policy, measuring population HL by a comprehensive instrument is needed. A short instrument, the HLS-Q12 based on the HLS-EU-Q47, was developed, translated, applied, and validated in 17 countries in the WHO European Region.

Methods: For factorial validity/dimensionality, Cronbach alphas, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Rasch model (RM), and Partial Credit Model (PCM) were used.

HLS-NAV-Validation of a New Instrument Measuring Navigational Health Literacy in Eight European Countries.

To manoeuvre a complex and fragmented health care system, people need sufficient navigational health literacy (NAV-HL). The objective of this study was to validate the HLS-NAV measurement scale applied in the European Health Literacy Population Survey 2019-2021 (HLS). From December 2019 to January 2021, data on NAV-HL was collected in eight European countries.