Acidogenic fermentation of Ulva in a fed-batch reactor system: tubular versus foliose biomass.

The present study proposes a biorefinery of the macroalgae Ulva, focusing on evaluating two different morphologies of the species (foliose and tubular) during acidogenic fermentation in fed-batch reactors. Stage 1 of the study evaluates lyophilised foliose and tubular Ulva, whilst Stage 2 analyses the impact of ulvan extraction on volatile fatty acids yield and changes in carbohydrate availability. Acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were produced from each substrate, with peak concentrations of total VFAs recorded at 2179.

Trends and Outcomes in Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base.

Background And Objective: Our aim was to determine the clinical characteristics, temporal trends, and survival outcomes for sarcomatoid-dedifferentiated renal cell carcinoma (sRCC), as sRCC has historically had poor prognosis and a contemporary cohort has not been well characterized in a population-based study.

Methods: Data for 302 630 RCC cases from 2010 to 2019 were extracted from the National Cancer Data Base, of which 4.1% (12 329) were sRCC.

How to convert a 3D printer to a personal automated liquid handler for life science workflows.

Automated liquid handlers are fundamental in modern life science laboratories, yet their high costs and large footprints often limit accessibility for smaller labs. This study presents an innovative approach to decentralizing a liquid handling system by converting a low-cost 3D printer into a customizable and accurate liquid handler. The Personal Automated Liquid Handler (PALH) system, costing ∼$400, incorporates a single-channel pipet, custom 3D-printed components, and open-source software for personalized workflows, allowing researchers to build and modify the system for specific experimental needs.