Epidemiological evidence relating environmental smoke to COPD in lifelong non-smokers: a systematic review.

Some evidence suggests environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) might cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We reviewed available epidemiological data in never smokers. We identified epidemiological studies providing estimates of relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for various ETS exposure indices.

Investigation into the risk of ultra-low tar cigarettes and lung cancer.

We present analyses relating cigarette type to lung cancer based on a case-control study in five European countries. The analyses involved 3561 cases and 2301 controls with diseases not associated with smoking. Subjects completed a detailed questionnaire, including a lifetime smoking history.

Estimating the effect of differing assumptions on the population health impact of introducing a Reduced Risk Tobacco Product in the USA.

We use Population Health Impact Modelling to assess effects on tobacco prevalence and mortality of introducing a Reduced Risk Tobacco Product (RRP). Simulated samples start in 1990 with a US-representative smoking prevalence. Individual tobacco histories are updated annually until 2010 using estimated probabilities of switching between never/current/former smoking where the RRP is not introduced, with current users subdivided into cigarette/RRP/dual users where it is.

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Risk of Stroke in Never Smokers: An Updated Review with Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The study aimed to review the epidemiological evidence relating environmental tobacco smoke exposure to stroke in never smokers.

Methods: The study is similar to our review in 2006, with searches extended to March 2016.

Results: Twelve further studies were identified.

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.

Context: In 2006, we reviewed the evidence on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer in nonsmoking women. Since then various studies and reviews have been published but opinion remains divided.

Objective: To provide an updated review.