Temperature Measurement of Fluid Flows by Using a Focusing Schlieren Method.

A method for measuring planar temperature fields of fluid flows is proposed. The focusing schlieren technique together with a calibration procedure to fulfill such a purpose is used. The focusing schlieren technique uses an off-axis circular illumination to reduce the depth of focus of the optical system.

Measurement of optical fiber parameters and thermal core diffusion characteristics by digital image processing.

The simultaneous measurement of the numerical aperture (NA) and mode field diameter (MFD) of single-mode fibers was performed on several commercial fibers by means of digital image processing of the output light projected into a screen. In addition, the changes induced by core diffusion in an ultra-high (UH) NA fiber at several heat depositions from a CO laser source were measured. The measurement method was demonstrated to be useful to monitor the adiabaticity of this process, by taking the product of the NA and MFD to verify if it remains constant.

Measurement of the refractive index by using a rectangular cell with a fs-laser engraved diffraction grating inner wall.

A very simple method to obtain the refractive index of liquids by using a rectangular glass cell and a diffraction grating engraved by fs laser ablation on the inner face of one of the walls of the cell is presented. When a laser beam impinges normally on the diffraction grating, the diffraction orders are deviated when they pass through the cell filled with the liquid to be measured. By measuring the deviation of the diffraction orders, we can determine the refractive index of the liquid.

Long-period cascaded fiber taper filters.

Fiber filters based on periodic cascaded tapered fiber sections are demonstrated. The filters consist of up to seven tapered sections separated periodically by more than 3 mm from center to center, with nominal tapered sections of 1  mm×1  mm×1  mm longitudinal dimensions. The transmission spectrum consists of discrete notches, resembling those observed in long-period fiber gratings, which differs from the observed spectrum in Mach-Zender interferometers based on cascaded tapers.

Measurement of temperature and velocity fields in a convective fluid flow in air using schlieren images.

A convective fluid flow in air could be regulated if the physical process were better understood. Temperature and velocity measurements are required in order to obtain a proper characterization of a convective fluid flow. In this study, we show that a classical schlieren system can be used for simultaneous measurements of temperature and velocity in a convective fluid flow in air.