Developing clinical reasoning along the cognitive continuum: a mixed methods evaluation of a novel Clinical Diagnosis Assessment.

Background: Clinical reasoning is a professional capability required for clinical practice. In preclinical training, clinical reasoning is often taught implicitly, and feedback is focused on discrete outcomes of decision-making. This makes it challenging to provide meaningful feedback on the often-hidden metacognitive process of reasoning to address specific clinical reasoning difficulties.

Correction: Validation of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional subscale in assessing depression and anxiety across development.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Assessing long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of statin therapy in the UK: a modelling study using individual participant data sets.

Background: Cardiovascular disease has declined but remains a major disease burden across developed countries.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of statin therapy across United Kingdom population categories.

Design: The cardiovascular disease microsimulation model, developed using Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' Collaboration data and the United Kingdom Biobank cohort, projected cardiovascular events, mortality, quality of life and healthcare costs using participant characteristics.

Imaging the eye as a window to brain health: frontier approaches and future directions.

Recent years have seen significant advances in diagnostic testing of central nervous system (CNS) function and disease. However, there remain challenges in developing a comprehensive suite of non- or minimally invasive assays of neural health and disease progression. Due to the direct connection with the CNS, structural changes in the neural retina, retinal vasculature and morphological changes in retinal immune cells can occur in parallel with disease conditions in the brain.

Novel Uveal Melanoma Patient-Derived Organoid Models Recapitulate Human Disease to Support Translational Research.

Purpose: A lack of representative human disease models has limited the translation of new and more effective treatments in uveal melanoma (UM), the most common primary adult intraocular malignancy. To fill this critical need, we developed and characterized a multicenter biobank of UM patient-derived organoids (PDOs).

Methods: UM patients requiring enucleation from 2019 to 2024 donated tumor tissue for PDO generation.