Single-arm trial of neoadjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab with chemoradiotherapy in patients with resectable and borderline resectable lung cancer: the INCREASE study.

Background: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chemoradiotherapy (CRT) yields pathological complete response (pCR) rates of approximately 30%. We investigated using ipilimumab plus nivolumab (IPI-NIVO) with neoadjuvant CRT in resectable, and borderline resectable NSCLC.

Methods: This single-arm, phase-II trial enrolled operable T3-4N0-2 patients with NSCLC without oncogenic drivers.

Inherited defects of piRNA biogenesis cause transposon de-repression, impaired spermatogenesis, and human male infertility.

piRNAs are crucial for transposon silencing, germ cell maturation, and fertility in male mice. Here, we report on the genetic landscape of piRNA dysfunction in humans and present 39 infertile men carrying biallelic variants in 14 different piRNA pathway genes, including PIWIL1, GTSF1, GPAT2, MAEL, TDRD1, and DDX4. In some affected men, the testicular phenotypes differ from those of the respective knockout mice and range from complete germ cell loss to the production of a few morphologically abnormal sperm.

Patient-Led Research to Develop a Training Programme for Restoring Musical Joy in Cochlear Implant Recipients: A Reflexive Process Evaluation.

Background: The role of patients in healthcare research is slowly evolving, although patient roles in the research process are limited. This paper reports on a patient-led research project aiming to develop a musical hearing training programme for patients with a cochlear implant (CI): the Musi-CI programme. A CI is an inner ear prosthesis that allows people with severe hearing loss to hear.