Shaping current European mitochondrial haplogroup frequency in response to infection: the case of SARS-CoV-2 severity.

The frequency of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups (mtDNA-HG) in humans is known to be shaped by migration and repopulation. Mounting evidence indicates that mtDNA-HG are not phenotypically neutral, and selection may contribute to its distribution. Haplogroup H, the most abundant in Europe, improved survival in sepsis.

Aldosterone synthase inhibitors: a potential revival for treatment of renal and cardiovascular diseases.

Inappropriate aldosterone excess plays a key role in the pathophysiology of various cardiovascular, endocrine and renal diseases. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists (MRAs) such as spironolactone block of the harmful effects of aldosterone and are recommended treatment in these various conditions. However, the sexual adverse effects of spironolactone due to its lack of specificity for the MR and the risk of hyperkalemia in patients with decreased renal function, limit its use.

Temporo-spatial analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Spain: Altitude and land use as new determinants of the disease.

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Currently, ALS is conceived as the result of the interaction between genetics, environmental factors, and aging. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal patterns of ALS in Spain, delving into the potential relationships between altitude, land cover, and this disease.

Changes in choroidal thickness and lamina cribrosa position in subjects with overdipper pattern of arterial pressure.

Introduction: The purpose is to analyze the changes produced in subjects with an overdipper pattern of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with the aim of understanding the pathophysiology of normal tension glaucoma.

Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in patients exhibiting overdipper and non-overdipper blood pressure patterns, respectively. Different optic parameters were assessed including the analysis of ganglion cell layer (GCL), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), as well as changes produced in choroidal thickness (CT) and lamina cribrosa (LC) position at two different periods of the day (early morning and evening).

Real-World Experience with Diroximel Fumarate in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Current literature and a real-world study suggest that diroximel fumarate (DRF) is safer than dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, no real-world study to date has significantly addressed the efficacy of this treatment.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of DRF in a real-world setting, utilizing data from a Spanish national registry of patients commencing DRF therapy post-market introduction.