Rapid Sex Chromosome Turnover in African Clawed Frogs (Xenopus) and the Origins of New Sex Chromosomes.

Sex chromosomes of some closely related species are not homologous, and sex chromosome turnover is often attributed to mechanisms that involve linkage to or recombination arrest around sex-determining loci. We examined sex chromosome turnover and recombination landscapes in African clawed frogs (genus Xenopus) with reduced representation genome sequences from 929 individuals from 19 species. We recovered extensive variation in sex chromosomes, including at least eight nonhomologous sex-associated regions-five newly reported here, with most maintaining female heterogamety, but two independent origins of Y chromosomes.

Relationship among Dietary Intake of Vitamin E, Lipid Peroxidation Markers, and C-Reactive Protein in Flu-Like Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19.

Objective: This research aimed to assess the intake of vitamin E and its relationship with lipid peroxidation markers and C-reactive protein levels in patients with flu symptoms and COVID-19 diagnosis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 121 patients of both sexes assisted at two basic health units in the city of Teresina, Piauí, with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed through real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, was performed between the 3 and 7 days of flu symptoms. The global nutritional status and the measurement of waist circumference were assessed according to the World Health Organization recommendations.

Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) proteolysis by matrix metalloproteinase-2 contributes to vascular dysfunction in early hypertension.

Aims: Hypertension is associated with an increased activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in the vasculature, which, in turn, proteolyzes extra- and intracellular proteins that lead to vascular dysfunction. The activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) is decreased in the aortas of hypertensive rats. Increased activity of MMP-2 proteolyzed SERCA in rat heart during ischemia and reperfusion injury, thus impairing cardiac function.

LATENT TUBERCULOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN'S DISEASE IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Background: Among chronic condition problems, tuberculosis still represents a serious public health problem globally.

Objective: To investigate latent tuberculosis infection in patients with Crohn's disease. Retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study of quantitative analysis.

The hydrogen sulfide donor 4-carboxyphenyl-isothiocyanate decreases blood pressure and promotes cardioprotective effect through reduction of oxidative stress and nuclear factor kappa B/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 axis in hypertension.

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate whether the hydrogen sulfide (HS) donor, 4-carboxyphenyl-isothiocyanate (4-CPI), exerts cardioprotective effect in the two kidney- one clip (2K-1C) rats through oxidative stress and MMP-2 activity attenuation and compare it with the classical HS donor, Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaHS).

Materials And Methods: Renovascular hypertension (two kidneys-one clip; 2K-1C) was surgically induced in male Wistar rats. After two weeks, normotensive (2K) and hypertensive rats were intraperitoneally treated with vehicle (0.