Spontaneous in-flight assembly of magnetic nanoparticles into macroscopic chains.

Knowing the interactions controlling aggregation processes in magnetic nanoparticles is of strong interest in preventing or promoting nanoparticles' aggregation at wish for different applications. Dipolar magnetic interactions, proportional to the particle volume, are identified as the key driving force behind the formation of macroscopic aggregates for particle sizes above about 20 nm. However, aggregates' shape and size are also strongly influenced by topological ordering.

Rare earth activated yttrium aluminate phosphors with modulated luminescence.

Yttrium aluminate (Y3 A5 O12 ) was doped with different rare earth ions (i.e. Gd(3+) , Ce(3+) , Eu(3+) and/or Tb(3+) ) in order to obtain phosphors (YAG:RE) with general formula,Y3-x-a Gdx REa Al5 O12 (x = 0; 1.

The Chiari Symptom Profile: development and validation of a Chiari-/syringomyelia-specific questionnaire.

Objective: The Chiari Symptom Profile (CSP) was developed to provide a quantitative assessment of self-reported Chiari (CMI)-related symptoms and their impact on the individual's quality of life.

Methods: The instrument was developed in three phases. Phase I consisted of instrument development using exploratory item analysis from the literature and direct patient evaluations.

Posterior fossa decompression and reconstruction in adolescents and adults with the Chiari I malformation.

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review the current and historical surgical approaches to treating Chiari I malformation in adolescents and adults.

Methods: A PubMed literature review and the author's own surgical experiences serve as a basis for discussing the variability in the surgical treatment of the Chiari I malformation.

Results: The most common treatment of the Chiari I malformation is posterior fossa decompression, which can range from a minimally invasive extradural approach to durotomy, duraplasty, internal decompression, and cranioplasty.

Single crystalline La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 molecular sieve nanowires with high temperature ferromagnetism.

Porous mixed-valent manganese oxides are a group of multifunctional materials that can be used as molecular sieves, catalysts, battery materials, and gas sensors. However, material properties and thus activity can vary significantly with different synthesis methods or process conditions, such as temperature and time. Here, we report on a new synthesis route for MnO(2) and LaSr-doped molecular sieve single crystalline nanowires based on a solution chemistry methodology combined with the use of nanoporous polymer templates supported on top of single crystalline substrates.