Adulteration of diesel fuel poses a major concern in most developing countries including Ghana despite the many regulatory schemes adopted. The solvent tracer analysis approach currently used in Ghana has over the years suffered several limitations which affect the overall implementation of the scheme. There is therefore a need for alternative or supplementary tools to help detect adulteration of automotive fuel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmino acid ester prodrugs of the thiazolides, introduced to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters of the parent drugs, proved to be stable as their salts but were unstable at pH > 5. Although some of the instability was due to simple hydrolysis, we have found that the main end products of the degradation were peptides formed by rearrangement. These peptides were stable solids: they maintained significant antiviral activity, and in general, they showed improved pharmacokinetics (better solubility and reduced clearance) compared to the parent thiazolides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBridged amides and anilines display interesting properties owing to perturbation of conjugation of the nitrogen lone-pair with the adjacent π-system. A convergent approach to diazabicyclic scaffolds which contain either twisted amides or anilines is described, based on the photocatalysed hydroamination of cyclic enecarbamates and subsequent cyclisation. The modular nature of the synthesis allows for variation of the degree of 'twist' and hence the properties of the amides and anilines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFp is an important property of a molecule which impacts many fields, such as drug design, catalysis, reactivity, and environmental toxicity. It is often necessary to measure p in nonaqueous media due to the poor solubility of an analyte in water, for example, many compounds of pharmaceutical interest. Although NMR methods to measure p in water are well established, determining p in organic solvents is laborious and problematic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrimethylaluminum finds widespread applications in chemical and materials synthesis, most prominently in its partially hydrolyzed form of methylalumoxane (MAO), which is used as a cocatalyst in the polymerization of olefins. This work investigates the sequential reactions of trimethylaluminum with hexaprotic phosphazenes (RNH)PN (=XH) equipped with substituents R of varied steric bulk including tert-butyl (1H), cyclohexyl (2H), isopropyl (3H), isobutyl (4H), ethyl (5H), propyl (6H), methyl (7H), and benzyl (8H). Similar to MAO, the resulting complexes of polyanionic phosphazenates [XH ] accommodate multinuclear arrays of [AlMe] and [AlMe].
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