Assessment of PFAS in collocated soil and porewater samples at an AFFF-impacted source zone: Field-scale validation of suction lysimeters.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measurable in soil porewater authoritatively represent the mobile mass fraction critical to accurate assessment of leaching from source zones. This study evaluated PFAS occurrence in lysimeter-collected porewater samples for two depth intervals at a decades-old aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)-impacted field site quarterly for a year. Notably, site-wide Log (∑PFAS) concentrations did not significantly differ among sampling events despite highly variable sample yields due to a heterogeneous and dynamic soil moisture regime.

Toward integrated scene text reading.

The growth in digital camera usage combined with a worldly abundance of text has translated to a rich new era for a classic problem of pattern recognition, reading. While traditional document processing often faces challenges such as unusual fonts, noise, and unconstrained lexicons, scene text reading amplifies these challenges and introduces new ones such as motion blur, curved layouts, perspective projection, and occlusion among others. Reading scene text is a complex problem involving many details that must be handled effectively for robust, accurate results.

MicroRNA 132 regulates nutritional stress-induced chemokine production through repression of SirT1.

Human adipose tissue secretes a number of proinflammatory mediators that may contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity-related disorders. Understanding the regulatory pathways that control their production is paramount to developing effective therapeutics to treat these diseases. Using primary human adipose-derived stem cells as a source of preadipocytes and in vitro differentiated adipocytes, we found IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are constitutively secreted by both cell types and induced in response to serum deprivation.

Bacterial production of biologically active canine interleukin-1beta by seamless SUMO tagging and removal.

Interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) is a potent stimulator of extracellular matrix degradation in models of osteoarthritis (OA). In contrast to bovine explant models which effectively respond to recombinant human IL-1beta, canine models are relatively refractory to human IL-1beta stimulation. Canine IL-1beta cDNA was cloned in order to produce a fully potent species matched preparation of IL-1beta for use specifically in canine models of OA.