Lack of mpox transmission in a long-term-care facility despite widespread exposure - Kentucky, 2023.

A certified nursing assistant (CNA) at a long-term care-facility (LTCF) worked 3 shifts while infectious with monkeypox virus providing direct care to most or all 56 LTCF residents. Despite exposures and a delay of 16 days from symptom onset to diagnosis and public health notification, there is no evidence that transmission occurred. We describe details of this healthcare-associated exposure, public health response, situational risk factors for transmission, and discuss factors that might have contributed to the lack of transmission.

Category-biased patches encircle core domain-general regions in the human lateral prefrontal cortex.

The fine-grained functional organization of the human lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) remains poorly understood. Previous fMRI studies delineated focal domain-general, or multiple-demand (MD), PFC areas that co-activate during diverse cognitively demanding tasks. While there is some evidence for category-selective (face and scene) patches, in human and non-human primate PFC, these have not been systematically assessed.

Associations between epilepsy-related polygenic risk and brain morphology in childhood.

Temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS) is associated with a complex genetic architecture, but the translation from genetic risk factors to brain vulnerability remains unclear. Here, we examined associations between epilepsy-related polygenic risk scores for HS (PRS-HS) and brain structure in a large sample of neurotypical children, and correlated these signatures with case-control findings in in multicentric cohorts of patients with TLE-HS. Imaging-genetic analyses revealed PRS-related cortical thinning in temporo-parietal and fronto-central regions, strongly anchored to distinct functional and structural network epicentres.

Influence of DOAC Levels and Thrombin Generation on Postoperative Bleeding [SONAR]: A Nested Case-Control Study.

A DOAC concentration threshold above which an impact on surgical hemostasis starts to occur is unknown. Thrombin generation assays (TGAs) provide a measure of the coagulation phenotype. This study aimed to determine whether preoperative TGA parameters are associated with postoperative bleeding, and whether this is partly due to residual DOAC levels.

Effects of noise and metabolic cost on cortical task representations.

Cognitive flexibility requires both the encoding of task-relevant and the ignoring of task-irrelevant stimuli. While the neural coding of task-relevant stimuli is increasingly well understood, the mechanisms for ignoring task-irrelevant stimuli remain poorly understood. Here, we study how task performance and biological constraints jointly determine the coding of relevant and irrelevant stimuli in neural circuits.