Publications by authors named "J A Darrah"
Article Synopsis
- * In a study of 982 cancer patients from 2020 to 2023, most received the initial vaccine and one booster, but the uptake for the newer bivalent booster was significantly low at only 30.1%.
- * Despite low booster rates, nearly all participants showed improved immune responses after receiving at least two boosters, and those who got boosted had a lower risk of mortality, highlighting the need for better strategies to encourage vaccinations among this vulnerable group.
Severe trauma can induce systemic inflammation but also immunosuppression, which makes understanding the immune response of trauma patients critical for therapeutic development and treatment approaches. By evaluating the levels of 59 proteins in the plasma of 50 healthy volunteers and 1000 trauma patients across five trauma centers in the United States, we identified 6 novel changes in immune proteins after traumatic injury and further new variations by sex, age, trauma type, comorbidities, and developed a new equation for prediction of patient survival. Blood was collected at the time of arrival at Level 1 trauma centers and patients were stratified based on trauma level, tissues injured, and injury types.
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- - Patients with cancer have a higher risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19 and show weakened immune responses to vaccines, highlighting the importance of regular boosters in this group
- - A study of 982 cancer patients found high initiation of vaccination (92.3% received the primary vaccine) but lower uptake of boosters, especially among younger patients and racial minorities
- - Receiving multiple booster shots significantly increased antibody levels and T-cell responses, leading to a lower risk of death, indicating the need for improved strategies to boost vaccination rates among high-risk cancer patients
Longitudinal studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-induced immune responses in patients with cancer are needed to optimize clinical care. In a prospective cohort study of 366 (291 vaccinated) patients, we measured antibody levels [anti-spike (IgG-(S-RBD) and anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin] at three time points. Antibody level trajectories and frequency of breakthrough infections were evaluated by tumor type and timing of treatment relative to vaccination.
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