Investigating the Mechanism of Neurotoxic Effects of PFAS in Differentiated Neuronal Cells through Transcriptomics and Lipidomics Analysis.

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive environmental contaminants that bioaccumulate in tissues and pose risks to human health. Increasing evidence links PFAS to neurodegenerative and behavioral disorders, yet the underlying mechanisms of their effects on neuronal function remain largely unexplored. In this study, we utilized SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, differentiated into neuronal-like cells, to investigate the impact of six PFAS compounds─perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorodecanesulfonic acid (PFDS), 8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (8:2 FTS), and 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (8:2 FTOH)─on neuronal health.

Glycerol 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Catalyzed Hydride Transfer: Enzyme Activation by Cofactor Pieces.

Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes reversible hydride transfer from glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) to NAD to form dihydroxyacetone phosphate; from the truncated substrate ethylene glycol to NAD in a reaction activated by the phosphite dianion substrate fragment; and from G3P to the truncated nicotinamide riboside cofactor in a reaction activated by adenosine 5'-diphosphate, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, and ribose 5-phosphate cofactor fragments. The sum of the stabilization of the transition state for GPDH-catalyzed hydride transfer reactions of the whole substrates by the phosphodianion fragment of G3P and the ADP fragment of NAD is 25 kcal/mol. Fourteen kcal/mol of this transition state stabilization is recovered as phosphite dianion and AMP activation of the reactions of the substrate and cofactor fragments.

Neurotoxic Effects of Mixtures of Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) at Environmental and Human Blood Concentrations.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may cause various deleterious health effects. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated associations between PFAS exposure and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and mitochondrial toxicity of up to 12 PFAS including perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA), and hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HPFO-DA) were tested at concentrations typically observed in the environment (e.

Management of excavated soil and dredging spoil waste from construction and demolition within the EU: Practices, impacts and perspectives.

Excavated soil and rock (ESR) and dredging spoils (DDS) account for 23 % of the total EU waste generation in 2020. This study performs a life cycle assessment and life cycle costing to quantify the potential environmental and cost savings resulting from increasing the level of ESR and DDS prepared for reuse and recycled in comparison to the business-as-usual practice. Scenarios for the waste management pathways based on the status quo, technical feasibility or normative impositions are assessed, including the potential contribution to achieving the European Green Deal goals.