Bicyclic nucleoside analogues: synthesis of thiazolopyrimidine-based nucleosides a copper-catalysed tandem reaction of 5-iodocytidine with isothiocyanates.

We have devised a copper-catalysed tandem annulation reaction to generate a new class of bicyclic nucleoside analogues (BCNAs), namely, amino-substituted thiazolopyrimidine ribonucleosides. The reaction between triacetyl-5-iodo-cytidine and an appropriate organic isothiocyanate in the presence of a Cu salt and ligand resulted in the formation of an amino-substituted thiazolopyrimidine moiety. This reaction was found to be compatible with a range of aliphatic and aromatic isothiocyanates, affording the corresponding products in moderate to good yields.

Functionalization of Indoles with 1,3,5-Triazinanes: Chemistry of Aminomethylation vs the Hofmann-Martius-Type Rearrangement.

We have developed efficacious routes toward the selective synthesis of two classes of compounds such as C-3 amino-methylated indoles and 4-indol-3-yl-methylanilines from the same precursors, namely, indoles and 1,3,5-triazinanes. It is reported that the controlled cleavage of 1,3,5-triazinanes can be effected by heat for the generation of aryl imine motifs, and we observed that the presence of Lewis acid influences the course of these transformations toward different products. The reaction toward indol-3-yl-methylanilines proceeds via a nucleophilic attack of indole to the aryl imine generated from the 1,3,5-triazinanes to form an amino-methylated product which undergoes a Lewis acid mediated Hofmann-Martius-type rearrangement.

A Prospective Comparison of Outcomes of Brachiocephalic Versus Brachiobasilic Fistulas for Hemodialysis.

Background: Brachiocephalic fistula (BCF) and brachiobasilic fistula (BBF) are autogenous fistulas created in the arm for hemodialysis access. However, despite the differences in anatomy and surgical technique, the existing literature shows no significant statistical difference between the maturation, patency, or complications. We analyzed the outcomes of these two types of arteriovenous fistulas in our subgroup of the Indian population.

Sociocultural and perinatal health factors associated with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children.

While previous research has examined perinatal factors in the context of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), studies focusing on sociocultural factors is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis utilizing data from the Australian Autism Biobank (AAB), which encompasses autistic children aged 2-17, their siblings, parents, and unrelated controls. Employing multivariable regression analyses, we aimed to identify factors associated with ASD across various domains, spanning health and lifestyle, perinatal, and postnatal contexts.