Standalone interventional glaucoma: evolution from the combination-cataract paradigm.

One of the most impactful recent developments in the glaucoma community has been the concept of interventional glaucoma. In brief, this paradigm shift involves proactive rather than reactive intervention to address glaucoma earlier in the disease process, including in both standalone and combination-cataract settings. By intervening earlier with minimally invasive surgical, laser, or drug-delivery treatments instead of prolonged topical medications, interventional glaucoma aims to take the burden of medication compliance off the patient.

Hexa-Fe(III) Carboxylate Complexes Facilitate Aerobic Hydrocarbon Oxidative Functionalization: Rh Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Benzene and Ethylene to Form Styrene.

Fe(II) carboxylates react with dioxygen and carboxylic acid to form Fe(μ-OH)(μ-O)(μ-X)(HX) (X = acetate or pivalate), which is an active oxidant for Rh-catalyzed arene alkenylation. Heating (150-200 °C) the catalyst precursor [(η-CH)Rh(μ-OAc)] with ethylene, benzene, Fe(II) carboxylate, and dioxygen yields styrene >30-fold faster than the reaction with dioxygen in the absence of the Fe(II) carboxylate additive. It is also demonstrated that Fe(μ-OH)(μ-O)(μ-X)(HX) is an active oxidant under anaerobic conditions, and the reduced material can be reoxidized to Fe(μ-OH)(μ-O)(μ-X)(HX) by dioxygen.

Primary Practice Patterns for the Initial Management of Open Angle Glaucoma.

Prcis: About one-fourth of survey respondents from an ASCRS database initiate treatment for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with laser trabeculoplasty. Factors impacting physicians' choice of laser versus topical treatment for POAG were explored.

Purpose: To characterize primary treatment preferences (topical medication versus laser trabeculoplasty or intracameral sustained release implants) in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and determine factors related to primary intervention selection.

Validation of a Human Challenge Model Using an LT-Expressing Enterotoxigenic Strain (LSN03-016011) and Characterization of Potential Amelioration of Disease by an Investigational Oral Vaccine Candidate (VLA1701).

Controlled human infection models are important tools for the evaluation of vaccines against diseases where an appropriate correlate of protection has not been identified. Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strain LSN03-016011/A (LSN03) is an LT enterotoxin and CS17-expressing ETEC strain useful for evaluating vaccine candidates targeting LT-expressing strains. We sought to confirm the ability of the LSN03 strain to induce moderate-to-severe diarrhea in a healthy American adult population, as well as the impact of immunization with an investigational cholera/ETEC vaccine (VLA-1701) on disease outcomes.