High throughput method for simultaneous screening of membrane permeability and toxicity for discovery of new cryoprotective agents.

Cryoprotective agent (CPA) toxicity is the most limiting factor impeding cryopreservation of critically needed tissues and organs for transplantation and medical research. This limitation is in part due to the challenge of rapidly screening compounds to identify candidate molecules that are highly membrane permeable and non-toxic at high concentrations. Such a combination would facilitate rapid CPA permeation throughout the sample, enabling ice-free cryopreservation with minimal toxicity.

Peritumoral Hyperintense Signal on Post-contrast FLAIR Images Surrounding Vestibular Schwannomas Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Background And Purpose: Prior investigations have noted the presence of peritumoral hyperintense signal (a "halo") around vestibular schwannomas on postcontrast 3D T2 FLAIR images. This study evaluated this phenomenon in a cohort of patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was completed of consecutive patients with presumed vestibular schwannomas undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery.

Carotid artery atherosclerosis: mechanisms of instability and clinical implications.

Cardiovascular disease remains a prominent cause of disability and premature death worldwide. Within this spectrum, carotid artery atherosclerosis is a complex and multifaceted condition, and a prominent precursor of acute ischaemic stroke and other cardiovascular events. The intricate interplay among inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism, and immune responses participates in the development of lesions, leading to luminal stenosis and potential plaque instability.

Introduction to Digital Subtraction Myelography for CSF-Venous Fistula Detection.

The purpose of this video is to introduce digital subtraction myelography for CSF-venous fistula (CVF) detectection. CVF is the most recently identified and likely the most prevalent type of spinal CSF leak that leads to spontaneous intracranial hypotension CVFs are occult on conventional MRI and CT, necessitating the use of myelography for the diagnosis. This video highlights one such technique, which is important because an increasing number of centers are starting to diagnose CVF.

Improved visualization of the inferior tympanic and mastoid canaliculi with photon counting detector CT.

Purpose: To compare the performance of the photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT versus a state-of-the-art energy-integrating detector (EID)-CT to identify segments of the inferior tympanic canaliculus (Jacobsons nerve) and the mastoid canaliculus (Arnolds nerve).

Materials & Methods: Patients were prospectively recruited to undergo temporal bone CT on both EID-CT (Siemens Somatom Force) and PCD-CT (Siemens NAEOTOM Alpha) scanners under an IRB-approved protocol. Three neuroradiologists reviewed cases by consensus comparing the ability to identify the proximal, mid, and distal segments of the inferior tympanic canaliculus/Jacobsons nerve and mastoid canaliculus/Arnolds nerve on each scanner using 5-point Likert scales (with 1 indicating EID is far superior to PCD, 3 indicating they are equivalent, and 5 indicating PCD is far superior to EID).